Terrains

Terrains represent agricultural land parcels with environmental characteristics that affect farming operations. This resource is user-owned, meaning each terrain belongs to a specific authenticated user.

Overview

The Terrain resource stores information about agricultural land parcels including altitude, slope, soil type, and temperature. Unlike Tractors and Implements, terrains are private to each user and require authentication for all operations.

Key Features

User-owned resources (ownership validation)
All operations require authentication
Users can only access their own terrains
Hard delete implementation (permanent removal)
Used in recommendation calculations for terrain-specific analysis

All Terrain endpoints require authentication. Users can only view, create, update, and delete their own terrains.

Data Model

The Terrain model contains the following fields:

terrain_id

integer

required

Unique identifier for the terrain (auto-generated)

user_id

integer

required

ID of the user who owns this terrain (auto-assigned from JWT token)

name

string

required

Name or identifier for the terrain (e.g., “Parcela Norte”, “Campo Sur”)

altitude_meters

number

required

Altitude above sea level in meters

slope_percentage

number

required

Terrain slope as a percentage (0-100)

soil_type

string

required

Type of soil (e.g., “clay”, “sandy”, “loamy”, “silt”)

temperature_celsius

number

Average or current temperature in Celsius

status

string

default:"active"

Current status of the terrain (e.g., “active”, “inactive”)

Common Operations

List User’s Terrains

Retrieve all terrains owned by the authenticated user with pagination support.

const response = await fetch('https://api.maqagr.com/api/terrains?limit=10&page=1', {
  method: 'GET',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_JWT_TOKEN'
  }
});

const data = await response.json();

Response Example:

{
  "success": true,
  "data": [
    {
      "terrain_id": 1,
      "user_id": 5,
      "name": "Parcela Norte",
      "altitude_meters": 2500,
      "slope_percentage": 15,
      "soil_type": "clay",
      "temperature_celsius": 18,
      "status": "active"
    },
    {
      "terrain_id": 2,
      "user_id": 5,
      "name": "Campo Sur",
      "altitude_meters": 2300,
      "slope_percentage": 8,
      "soil_type": "loamy",
      "temperature_celsius": 20,
      "status": "active"
    }
  ],
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "limit": 10,
    "total": 2,
    "totalPages": 1
  }
}

Get Terrain by ID

Retrieve a specific terrain by its unique identifier. Only returns the terrain if it belongs to the authenticated user.

const response = await fetch('https://api.maqagr.com/api/terrains/1', {
  method: 'GET',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_JWT_TOKEN'
  }
});

const data = await response.json();

Response Example:

{
  "success": true,
  "data": {
    "terrain_id": 1,
    "user_id": 5,
    "name": "Parcela Norte",
    "altitude_meters": 2500,
    "slope_percentage": 15,
    "soil_type": "clay",
    "temperature_celsius": 18,
    "status": "active"
  }
}

If the terrain exists but doesn’t belong to the authenticated user, a 404 error is returned to prevent information disclosure.

Create Terrain

Create a new terrain associated with the authenticated user. The user_id is automatically assigned from the JWT token.

const response = await fetch('https://api.maqagr.com/api/terrains', {
  method: 'POST',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_JWT_TOKEN'
  },
  body: JSON.stringify({
    name: "Parcela Norte",
    altitude_meters: 2500,
    slope_percentage: 15,
    soil_type: "clay",
    temperature_celsius: 18,
    status: "active"
  })
});

const data = await response.json();

Response Example:

{
  "success": true,
  "message": "Terreno creado exitosamente",
  "data": {
    "terrain_id": 3,
    "user_id": 5,
    "name": "Parcela Norte",
    "altitude_meters": 2500,
    "slope_percentage": 15,
    "soil_type": "clay",
    "temperature_celsius": 18,
    "status": "active"
  }
}

Update Terrain

Update an existing terrain. Only the owner can update their terrains. Only provided fields are updated (partial update using COALESCE).

const response = await fetch('https://api.maqagr.com/api/terrains/1', {
  method: 'PUT',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_JWT_TOKEN'
  },
  body: JSON.stringify({
    name: "Parcela Norte Actualizada",
    slope_percentage: 12,
    temperature_celsius: 20
  })
});

const data = await response.json();

Response Example:

{
  "success": true,
  "message": "Terreno actualizado exitosamente",
  "data": {
    "terrain_id": 1,
    "user_id": 5,
    "name": "Parcela Norte Actualizada",
    "altitude_meters": 2500,
    "slope_percentage": 12,
    "soil_type": "clay",
    "temperature_celsius": 20,
    "status": "active"
  }
}

Delete Terrain

Unlike Tractors and Implements, terrains use hard delete. The terrain is permanently removed from the database and cannot be recovered.

Delete a terrain permanently. Only the owner can delete their terrains.

const response = await fetch('https://api.maqagr.com/api/terrains/1', {
  method: 'DELETE',
  headers: {
    'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_JWT_TOKEN'
  }
});

const data = await response.json();

Response Example:

{
  "success": true,
  "message": "Terreno eliminado exitosamente",
  "data": {
    "terrain_id": 1,
    "user_id": 5,
    "name": "Parcela Norte",
    "altitude_meters": 2500,
    "slope_percentage": 15,
    "soil_type": "clay",
    "temperature_celsius": 18,
    "status": "active"
  }
}

Validation Rules

When creating or updating terrains, the following validation rules apply:

Required Fields (Create)

name: Must be a non-empty string
altitude_meters: Required, must be a number
slope_percentage: Required, must be a number (typically 0-100)
soil_type: Required, must be a non-empty string

Optional Fields

temperature_celsius: Number (can be null)
status: String (defaults to “active”)

The user_id field is automatically assigned from the authenticated user’s JWT token and should not be included in the request body.

Validation Examples

{
  "name": "Parcela Norte",
  "altitude_meters": 2500,
  "slope_percentage": 15,
  "soil_type": "clay",
  "temperature_celsius": 18
}

Validation Error Response:

{
  "success": false,
  "errors": [
    "name es requerido",
    "altitude_meters es requerido",
    "slope_percentage es requerido",
    "soil_type es requerido"
  ]
}

Ownership Validation

All terrain operations include ownership validation to ensure users can only access their own data:

Controller Implementation (src/controllers/terrainController.js)

// Get terrain by ID with ownership validation
const terrain = await Terrain.findByIdAndUser(id, userId);

if (!terrain) {
  return res.status(404).json({
    success: false,
    message: "Terreno no encontrado"
  });
}

This pattern is used in:

getTerrainById() - Line 72 in terrainController.js
updateTerrain() - Line 162 in terrainController.js
deleteTerrain() - Line 223 in terrainController.js

Error Responses

400 Bad Request

Returned when validation fails or invalid ID format is provided.

{
  "success": false,
  "message": "ID de terreno inválido"
}

Or with validation errors:

{
  "success": false,
  "errors": [
    "name es requerido",
    "altitude_meters es requerido",
    "soil_type es requerido"
  ]
}

401 Unauthorized

Returned when authentication token is missing or invalid.

{
  "success": false,
  "message": "Token no proporcionado o inválido"
}

404 Not Found

Returned when the terrain does not exist or doesn’t belong to the authenticated user.

{
  "success": false,
  "message": "Terreno no encontrado"
}

Use Cases

Agricultural Recommendations

Terrains are used in the recommendation system to calculate optimal tractor-implement pairings based on environmental factors:

Altitude affects engine performance and power requirements
Slope percentage impacts traction and stability requirements
Soil type determines implement compatibility
Temperature can affect operational efficiency

Example: Get recommendations for a terrain

const terrainResponse = await fetch('https://api.maqagr.com/api/terrains/1', {
  headers: { 'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_JWT_TOKEN' }
});

const terrain = await terrainResponse.json();

// Use terrain data in recommendations
const recommendationResponse = await fetch('https://api.maqagr.com/api/recommendations', {
  method: 'POST',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
    'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_JWT_TOKEN'
  },
  body: JSON.stringify({
    terrain_id: terrain.data.terrain_id,
    tractor_id: 1,
    implement_id: 2
  })
});

Authentication - How to obtain JWT tokens for terrain operations
Recommendations - Use terrains in recommendation calculations
API Reference - Complete API endpoint documentation

Source Code References

Model: src/models/Terrain.js
Controller: src/controllers/terrainController.js
Routes: src/routes/terrain.routes.js
Auth Middleware: src/middleware/auth.middleware.js

Get Started

Core Resources

Advanced Features

Development

Overview

Key Features

Data Model

Common Operations

List User’s Terrains

Get Terrain by ID

Create Terrain

Update Terrain

Delete Terrain

Validation Rules

Required Fields (Create)

Optional Fields

Validation Examples

Ownership Validation

Error Responses

400 Bad Request

401 Unauthorized

404 Not Found

Use Cases

Agricultural Recommendations

Source Code References

Build docs developers (and LLMs) love

Get Started

Core Resources

Advanced Features

Development

Documentation Index

​Overview

​Key Features

​Data Model

​Common Operations

​List User’s Terrains

​Get Terrain by ID

​Create Terrain

​Update Terrain

​Delete Terrain

​Validation Rules

​Required Fields (Create)

​Optional Fields

​Validation Examples

​Ownership Validation

​Error Responses

​400 Bad Request

​401 Unauthorized

​404 Not Found

​Use Cases

​Agricultural Recommendations

​Related Resources

​Source Code References

Build docs developers (and LLMs) love

Overview

Key Features

Data Model

Common Operations

List User’s Terrains

Get Terrain by ID

Create Terrain

Update Terrain

Delete Terrain

Validation Rules

Required Fields (Create)

Optional Fields

Validation Examples

Ownership Validation

Error Responses

400 Bad Request

401 Unauthorized

404 Not Found

Use Cases

Agricultural Recommendations

Related Resources

Source Code References