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Documentation Index

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PX4 requires a standard configuration sequence before a vehicle is ready to fly. You perform almost all of this configuration through QGroundControl (QGC), a free desktop application that communicates with PX4 over MAVLink. This page walks you through the complete workflow from a blank flight controller to a tuned, flight-ready aircraft.
Complete the steps in the order listed below. Firmware and airframe selection must come first. Tuning must come last. All other steps can be reordered if needed, but following the sequence here prevents the most common configuration mistakes.

Prerequisites

Download and install QGroundControl on a desktop or laptop computer. Mobile versions of QGC do not support vehicle setup. Once QGC is running, open the “Q” icon in the top-left corner and choose Vehicle Setup from the popup menu.

Configuration workflow

1

Load firmware

Connect your flight controller to the computer via USB. In QGC, go to Vehicle Setup > Firmware and let QGC detect the device. Select PX4 Pro Stable Release (or a specific version if required) and click OK to flash. The controller reboots automatically when the upload completes.
Do not disconnect the USB cable while firmware is being uploaded. A failed flash can leave the controller in an unrecoverable state.
2

Select airframe

Navigate to Vehicle Setup > Airframe. Choose the vehicle type (multicopter, fixed-wing, VTOL, rover, etc.) and then the specific frame that most closely matches your build. Click Apply and Restart to write the airframe defaults and reboot the controller.Selecting the correct airframe sets appropriate default parameters for motor mixing, PID gains, and failsafe behavior. You can always fine-tune parameters later.
3

Configure actuators and ESCs

Go to Vehicle Setup > Actuators to assign motors and servos to flight controller outputs, verify motor spin directions, and set PWM ranges. If your ESCs require calibration, run the ESC calibration procedure from Vehicle Setup > Power.
Use the actuator testing sliders in QGC to confirm each motor spins in the correct direction before closing the propellers.
4

Calibrate sensors

Navigate to Vehicle Setup > Sensors and run each calibration in order:
  1. Sensor orientation — set the physical mounting angle of the flight controller if it is not mounted upright and pointing forward.
  2. Compass (magnetometer) — rotate the vehicle through the prompted orientations.
  3. Gyroscope — place the vehicle on a flat surface and hold it still.
  4. Accelerometer — hold the vehicle in each of the six orientations shown.
  5. Level horizon — place the vehicle on a flat surface to set the neutral hover attitude.
  6. Airspeed (fixed-wing and VTOL only) — cover the pitot tube and follow the on-screen instructions.
See Sensor Calibration and Setup for detailed per-sensor instructions.
5

Set up radio control

Navigate to Vehicle Setup > Radio. Turn on your RC transmitter, click Calibrate, and move all sticks and switches through their full range of motion when prompted. QGC records the minimum, maximum, and trim values for each channel.After calibration, verify that stick movements produce the expected responses in the channel monitor.
6

Assign flight modes

Navigate to Vehicle Setup > Flight Modes. Select the RC channel your transmitter uses for mode switching, then assign a flight mode to each switch position. At minimum, assign Position mode and Return mode to distinct switch positions.See Assigning Flight Modes to RC Switches for recommended mode sets.
7

Configure battery and safety

Navigate to Vehicle Setup > Power to enter your battery cell count and capacity, enabling PX4’s voltage-based fuel gauge and low-battery failsafe.Navigate to Vehicle Setup > Safety to configure failsafe actions for scenarios such as RC signal loss, low battery, and geofence breaches.
8

Tune

Auto-tuning is available for multicopters, fixed-wing aircraft, and VTOLs. Navigate to Vehicle Setup > PID Tuning or run the autotune routine for your vehicle type. Tuning must be performed after all other configuration steps are complete, in a safe open area.
Never attempt tuning indoors or in a confined space. Autotune maneuvers the vehicle aggressively to measure its response characteristics.

Explore configuration topics

Parameters

Read, change, and save PX4 parameters using QGroundControl or MAVLink.

Sensor calibration

Step-by-step calibration for accelerometer, gyroscope, compass, barometer, and airspeed sensor.

Flight modes

Map flight modes to RC transmitter switches for safe and predictable mode switching.

Advanced configuration

EKF2 tuning, land detector, prearm checks, OEM factory calibration, and more.

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