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Overview

The Appointment model manages scheduled consultations between nutritionists and patients in the NutriFit system. Namespace: App\Models\Appointment Extends: Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model Table: appointments

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Fillable Attributes

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appointment_state_id
integer
required
Foreign key to the AppointmentState model (pendiente, completada, cancelada, vencida)
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paciente_id
integer
required
Foreign key to the User model representing the patient
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nutricionista_id
integer
required
Foreign key to the User model representing the nutritionist
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start_time
datetime
required
When the appointment starts (cast to datetime)
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end_time
datetime
required
When the appointment ends (cast to datetime)
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reason
string
The reason for the appointment (e.g., “Primera consulta”, “Seguimiento”)
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appointment_type
string
Type of appointment (e.g., “presencial”, “virtual”)
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price
decimal
Cost of the appointment (cast to decimal with 2 decimal places)
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notes
text
Additional notes or special instructions for the appointment

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Casts

The model automatically casts these attributes:
  • start_time → datetime
  • end_time → datetime
  • price → decimal:2

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Relationships

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BelongsTo

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appointmentState()
BelongsTo
Returns the appointment’s current state (AppointmentState model)
$appointment->appointmentState; // pendiente, completada, etc.
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paciente()
BelongsTo
Returns the patient user (User model)
$appointment->paciente->name; // Patient's full name
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nutricionista()
BelongsTo
Returns the nutritionist user (User model)
$appointment->nutricionista->name; // Nutritionist's full name

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HasOne

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attention()
HasOne
Returns the clinical attention record associated with this appointment (Attention model)
// Check if appointment has been attended
if ($appointment->attention) {
    $diagnosis = $appointment->attention->diagnosis;
}

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Static Methods

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markExpiredAppointments()

public static function markExpiredAppointments(): int
Automatically marks appointments as expired if their end_time has passed and they are still in ‘pendiente’ state. Returns: The number of appointments that were marked as expired. Usage: 
// Typically run via scheduled task
$expiredCount = Appointment::markExpiredAppointments();
Log::info("Marked {$expiredCount} appointments as expired");
Implementation:
  • Finds the ‘vencida’ state from AppointmentState
  • Updates all ‘pendiente’ appointments where end_time < now()
  • Returns count of updated records

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Instance Methods

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isExpired()

public function isExpired(): bool
Checks if this specific appointment is expired (end time has passed and still marked as ‘pendiente’). Returns: true if the appointment is expired, false otherwise. Usage: 
if ($appointment->isExpired()) {
    // Show "This appointment has expired" message
    // Prevent editing or attending
}

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Usage Examples

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Creating an Appointment

use App\Models\Appointment;
use Carbon\Carbon;

$appointment = Appointment::create([
    'appointment_state_id' => 1, // pendiente
    'paciente_id' => $patient->id,
    'nutricionista_id' => $nutritionist->id,
    'start_time' => Carbon::parse('2026-03-10 10:00:00'),
    'end_time' => Carbon::parse('2026-03-10 11:00:00'),
    'reason' => 'Primera consulta nutricional',
    'appointment_type' => 'presencial',
    'price' => 50.00,
    'notes' => 'Paciente tiene alergia a frutos secos',
]);

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Querying Appointments

// Get upcoming appointments for a nutritionist
$upcomingAppointments = Appointment::where('nutricionista_id', $user->id)
    ->whereHas('appointmentState', fn($q) => $q->where('name', 'pendiente'))
    ->where('start_time', '>', now())
    ->orderBy('start_time')
    ->get();

// Get completed appointments for a patient
$completedAppointments = Appointment::where('paciente_id', $user->id)
    ->whereHas('appointmentState', fn($q) => $q->where('name', 'completada'))
    ->with(['nutricionista.personalData', 'attention'])
    ->orderBy('start_time', 'desc')
    ->get();

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Checking Appointment Status

$appointment = Appointment::with('appointmentState')->find(1);

if ($appointment->isExpired()) {
    // Mark as expired if not already
    $vencidaState = AppointmentState::where('name', 'vencida')->first();
    $appointment->update(['appointment_state_id' => $vencidaState->id]);
}

// Check if appointment has been attended
if ($appointment->attention) {
    echo "This appointment was completed with diagnosis: ";
    echo $appointment->attention->diagnosis;
}

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Scheduled Task Example

// In app/Console/Kernel.php
protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
{
    // Run every hour to mark expired appointments
    $schedule->call(function () {
        Appointment::markExpiredAppointments();
    })->hourly();
}

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Calculating Duration

$appointment = Appointment::find(1);

$durationInMinutes = $appointment->start_time->diffInMinutes($appointment->end_time);
echo "Duration: {$durationInMinutes} minutes";

// Format for display
echo $appointment->start_time->format('d/m/Y H:i'); // 10/03/2026 10:00

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Validation Before Booking

// Check for conflicts
$hasConflict = Appointment::where('nutricionista_id', $nutricionista->id)
    ->whereHas('appointmentState', fn($q) => 
        $q->whereIn('name', ['pendiente', 'completada'])
    )
    ->where(function ($query) use ($startTime, $endTime) {
        $query->whereBetween('start_time', [$startTime, $endTime])
              ->orWhereBetween('end_time', [$startTime, $endTime])
              ->orWhere(function ($q) use ($startTime, $endTime) {
                  $q->where('start_time', '<=', $startTime)
                    ->where('end_time', '>=', $endTime);
              });
    })
    ->exists();

if ($hasConflict) {
    return back()->withErrors('El nutricionista ya tiene una cita en ese horario');
}

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