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Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://mintlify.com/disgoorg/disgo/llms.txt

Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

DisGo includes a complete OAuth2 client for implementing Discord’s OAuth2 authorization flow. This allows you to authenticate users, access their Discord data, and manage access tokens.

​
Creating an OAuth2 client

The OAuth2 client requires your application’s client ID and secret: 
import (
    "github.com/disgoorg/disgo/oauth2"
    "github.com/disgoorg/snowflake/v2"
)

clientID := snowflake.MustParse("YOUR_CLIENT_ID")
clientSecret := "YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET"

client := oauth2.New(clientID, clientSecret)
Never expose your client secret in client-side code or public repositories. Keep it secure on your backend server.

​
Authorization flow

The OAuth2 authorization flow consists of three main steps:
1

Generate authorization URL

Generate a URL to redirect users to Discord’s authorization page:
params := oauth2.AuthorizationURLParams{
    RedirectURI: "https://yourapp.com/callback",
    Scopes: []discord.OAuth2Scope{
        discord.OAuth2ScopeIdentify,
        discord.OAuth2ScopeGuilds,
        discord.OAuth2ScopeEmail,
    },
}

authURL := client.GenerateAuthorizationURL(params)
// Redirect user to authURL
The state parameter is automatically generated for CSRF protection.
2

Handle callback

When the user authorizes your app, Discord redirects them to your callback URL with a code and state:
func handleCallback(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    code := r.URL.Query().Get("code")
    state := r.URL.Query().Get("state")

    session, webhook, err := client.StartSession(code, state)
    if err != nil {
        // Handle error (invalid state, expired code, etc.)
        return
    }

    // Store session for the user
    saveUserSession(session)
}
3

Use the session

Use the session to access user data:
user, err := client.GetUser(session)
if err != nil {
    // Handle error
}

fmt.Printf("Logged in as %s#%s\n", user.Username, user.Discriminator)

​
Available OAuth2 scopes

You can request different scopes to access various user data:
  • OAuth2ScopeIdentify - Basic user info (username, avatar, etc.)
  • OAuth2ScopeEmail - User’s email address
  • OAuth2ScopeGuilds - List of guilds the user is in
  • OAuth2ScopeGuildsMembersRead - Guild member info
  • OAuth2ScopeConnections - User’s connected accounts
  • OAuth2ScopeRoleConnectionsWrite - Manage role connections
  • OAuth2ScopeWebhookIncoming - Create incoming webhooks
params := oauth2.AuthorizationURLParams{
    RedirectURI: "https://yourapp.com/callback",
    Scopes: []discord.OAuth2Scope{
        discord.OAuth2ScopeIdentify,
        discord.OAuth2ScopeEmail,
        discord.OAuth2ScopeGuilds,
        discord.OAuth2ScopeConnections,
    },
}

​
Session management

​
Session structure

A session contains the access token and metadata: 
type Session struct {
    AccessToken  string                 // Token for API requests
    RefreshToken string                 // Token to refresh access
    Scopes       []discord.OAuth2Scope  // Granted scopes
    TokenType    discord.TokenType      // Usually "Bearer"
    Expiration   time.Time              // When token expires
}

​
Refreshing tokens

Access tokens expire after a period (typically 7 days). Refresh them before expiration: 
if session.Expired() {
    newSession, err := client.RefreshSession(session)
    if err != nil {
        // Handle error
    }
    
    // Update stored session
    saveUserSession(newSession)
    session = newSession
}

​
Automatic verification

Verify and refresh if needed in one call: 
session, err = client.VerifySession(session)
if err != nil {
    // Handle error
}
VerifySession checks if the session is expired and automatically refreshes it if necessary.

​
Accessing user data

Once you have a valid session, you can access various user data based on the granted scopes.

​
Get user information

Requires the identify scope: 
user, err := client.GetUser(session)
if err != nil {
    if errors.Is(err, oauth2.ErrSessionExpired) {
        // Refresh session
    }
    if errors.Is(err, oauth2.ErrMissingOAuth2Scope(discord.OAuth2ScopeIdentify)) {
        // Missing required scope
    }
}

fmt.Printf("User: %s (%s)\n", user.Username, user.ID)
fmt.Printf("Avatar: %s\n", user.AvatarURL())

​
Get user guilds

Requires the guilds scope: 
guilds, err := client.GetGuilds(session)
if err != nil {
    // Handle error
}

for _, guild := range guilds {
    fmt.Printf("Guild: %s (Owner: %t)\n", guild.Name, guild.Owner)
}

​
Get user connections

Requires the connections scope: 
connections, err := client.GetConnections(session)
if err != nil {
    // Handle error
}

for _, conn := range connections {
    fmt.Printf("Connected: %s (%s)\n", conn.Type, conn.Name)
}

​
Get guild member info

Requires the guilds.members.read scope: 
member, err := client.GetMember(session, guildID)
if err != nil {
    // Handle error
}

fmt.Printf("Joined: %s\n", member.JoinedAt)
fmt.Printf("Roles: %v\n", member.RoleIDs)

​
State controller

The state controller manages CSRF tokens for the OAuth2 flow. DisGo provides a default implementation, but you can customize it.

​
Custom state controller

type CustomStateController struct {
    // Your implementation
}

func (c *CustomStateController) NewState(redirectURI string) string {
    // Generate and store state
    return randomState
}

func (c *CustomStateController) UseState(state string) string {
    // Verify and consume state, return redirect URI
    return redirectURI
}

client := oauth2.New(clientID, clientSecret,
    oauth2.WithStateController(&CustomStateController{}),
)

​
Configure default state controller

import "time"

client := oauth2.New(clientID, clientSecret,
    oauth2.WithStateControllerOpts(
        oauth2.WithStateControllerMaxTTL(15*time.Minute),
        oauth2.WithStateControllerLogger(logger),
    ),
)

​
Guild installation

You can prompt users to add your bot to a guild during OAuth2: 
params := oauth2.AuthorizationURLParams{
    RedirectURI: "https://yourapp.com/callback",
    Scopes: []discord.OAuth2Scope{
        discord.OAuth2ScopeIdentify,
        discord.OAuth2ScopeBot,
    },
    Permissions:        discord.PermissionSendMessages | discord.PermissionManageMessages,
    GuildID:            guildID, // Pre-select a guild
    DisableGuildSelect: false,
}

authURL := client.GenerateAuthorizationURL(params)
When using OAuth2ScopeBot, the user will be prompted to add your bot with the specified permissions.

​
Complete web server example

Here’s a complete example implementing OAuth2 in a web server: 
package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "log/slog"
    "net/http"
    "os"
    "sync"

    "github.com/disgoorg/disgo/discord"
    "github.com/disgoorg/disgo/oauth2"
    "github.com/disgoorg/snowflake/v2"
)

var (
    clientID     = snowflake.GetEnv("CLIENT_ID")
    clientSecret = os.Getenv("CLIENT_SECRET")
    baseURL      = os.Getenv("BASE_URL")
    
    client   *oauth2.Client
    sessions = make(map[string]oauth2.Session)
    mu       sync.RWMutex
)

func main() {
    client = oauth2.New(clientID, clientSecret)

    http.HandleFunc("/", handleRoot)
    http.HandleFunc("/login", handleLogin)
    http.HandleFunc("/callback", handleCallback)
    http.HandleFunc("/logout", handleLogout)

    slog.Info("Server starting on :8080")
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

func handleRoot(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    cookie, err := r.Cookie("session_id")
    if err != nil {
        // Not logged in
        fmt.Fprintf(w, `<a href="/login">Login with Discord</a>`)
        return
    }

    mu.RLock()
    session, ok := sessions[cookie.Value]
    mu.RUnlock()

    if !ok {
        fmt.Fprintf(w, `<a href="/login">Login with Discord</a>`)
        return
    }

    user, err := client.GetUser(session)
    if err != nil {
        slog.Error("failed to get user", slog.Any("err", err))
        http.Error(w, "Failed to get user data", http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }

    data, _ := json.MarshalIndent(user, "", "  ")
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "<h1>Welcome %s!</h1>", user.Username)
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "<pre>%s</pre>", data)
    fmt.Fprintf(w, `<a href="/logout">Logout</a>`)
}

func handleLogin(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    params := oauth2.AuthorizationURLParams{
        RedirectURI: baseURL + "/callback",
        Scopes: []discord.OAuth2Scope{
            discord.OAuth2ScopeIdentify,
            discord.OAuth2ScopeEmail,
            discord.OAuth2ScopeGuilds,
        },
    }

    authURL := client.GenerateAuthorizationURL(params)
    http.Redirect(w, r, authURL, http.StatusTemporaryRedirect)
}

func handleCallback(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    code := r.URL.Query().Get("code")
    state := r.URL.Query().Get("state")

    if code == "" || state == "" {
        http.Error(w, "Missing code or state", http.StatusBadRequest)
        return
    }

    session, _, err := client.StartSession(code, state)
    if err != nil {
        slog.Error("failed to start session", slog.Any("err", err))
        http.Error(w, "Failed to authenticate", http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }

    // Generate session ID
    sessionID := generateRandomID()

    mu.Lock()
    sessions[sessionID] = session
    mu.Unlock()

    http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{
        Name:  "session_id",
        Value: sessionID,
        Path:  "/",
    })

    http.Redirect(w, r, "/", http.StatusTemporaryRedirect)
}

func handleLogout(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    cookie, err := r.Cookie("session_id")
    if err == nil {
        mu.Lock()
        delete(sessions, cookie.Value)
        mu.Unlock()
    }

    http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{
        Name:   "session_id",
        Value:  "",
        Path:   "/",
        MaxAge: -1,
    })

    http.Redirect(w, r, "/", http.StatusTemporaryRedirect)
}

func generateRandomID() string {
    // Implement secure random ID generation
    return "random_session_id"
}

​
Configuration options

  • WithLogger(*slog.Logger) - Set custom logger
  • WithRestClient(rest.Client) - Use custom REST client
  • WithRestClientConfigOpts(...rest.ClientConfigOpt) - Configure REST client
  • WithOAuth2(rest.OAuth2) - Custom OAuth2 REST implementation
  • WithStateController(StateController) - Custom state controller
  • WithStateControllerOpts(...StateControllerConfigOpt) - Configure state controller

​
Best practices

Never store sessions in cookies or client-side storage. Keep them server-side in a secure database:
// Good: Server-side session storage
sessionID := generateSecureRandomID()
database.StoreSession(sessionID, session)
http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{
    Name:     "session_id",
    Value:    sessionID,
    HttpOnly: true,
    Secure:   true,
    SameSite: http.SameSiteStrictMode,
})
Always validate the state parameter to prevent CSRF attacks. The built-in state controller does this automatically:
session, _, err := client.StartSession(code, state)
if errors.Is(err, oauth2.ErrStateNotFound) {
    // Invalid or expired state
    return
}
Check for expiration before making API calls and refresh when needed:
if session.Expired() {
    session, err = client.RefreshSession(session)
    if err != nil {
        // Re-authenticate user
        return
    }
    updateStoredSession(session)
}
Only request the OAuth2 scopes your application actually needs. Users are more likely to authorize apps that request fewer permissions.

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