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personaDAO handles all file I/O for the Contact Management App. It reads and writes contacts as semicolon-delimited CSV records, manages the storage directory automatically, and supports both the current six-column format and a legacy five-column format left over from earlier versions of the application. It also provides two overloaded exportarCsv methods used by the controller when the user requests a one-off export to a chosen destination.
Storage location
The data file is always created at a fixed path:
c:/gestionContactos/datosContactos.csv
This path is hardcoded in the constructor and works on Windows. On Linux or macOS the drive letter prefix c:/ is not valid. See the manual build guide for details on this limitation. NOMBRE;TELEFONO;EMAIL;CATEGORIA;FAVORITO;FECHA_REGISTRO
Ana Torres;555-0101;[email protected];FAMILY;true;2024-03-15
| Column | Index | Type | Notes |
|---|
NOMBRE | 0 | String | Contact’s full name |
TELEFONO | 1 | String | Phone number, stored as-is |
EMAIL | 2 | String | Email address |
CATEGORIA | 3 | String | Stored as canonical code: FAMILY, FRIENDS, or WORK |
FAVORITO | 4 | Boolean string | "true" or "false" |
FECHA_REGISTRO | 5 | ISO-8601 date | yyyy-MM-dd — absent in legacy files |
;. Exported files also use ; as the separator.
Constructor
src/modelo/personaDAO.java
public personaDAO(persona persona) {
this.persona = persona;
File base = new File("c:/gestionContactos");
if (!base.exists()) {
base.mkdirs();
}
archivo = new File(base.getAbsolutePath(), "datosContactos.csv");
prepararArchivo();
}
prepararArchivo() checks whether the file exists. If not, it calls archivo.createNewFile() and immediately appends the current header row (NOMBRE;TELEFONO;EMAIL;CATEGORIA;FAVORITO;FECHA_REGISTRO).
Public methods
escribirArchivo()
public boolean escribirArchivo()
persona instance’s datosContacto() line to the file. Returns false if the internal persona reference is null. This method is used for single-record appends; bulk saves use actualizarContactos().
| Parameter | — |
|---|
| Returns | true on success, false if persona is null |
leerArchivo()
public List<persona> leerArchivo() throws IOException
StringBuilder, splits on line endings (\r?\n), and parses each non-empty, non-header line into a persona object. Lines with fewer than 5 columns are silently skipped.
src/modelo/personaDAO.java
String[] columnas = registro.split(";");
if (columnas.length < 5) {
continue;
}
persona p = new persona();
p.setNombre(columnas[0]);
p.setTelefono(columnas[1]);
p.setEmail(columnas[2]);
p.setCategoria(normalizarCategoria(columnas[3]));
p.setFavorito(Boolean.parseBoolean(columnas[4]));
if (columnas.length >= 6) {
try {
p.setFechaRegistro(LocalDate.parse(columnas[5]));
} catch (DateTimeParseException ex) {
p.setFechaRegistro(LocalDate.now());
}
} else {
// Legacy 5-column file: default registration date to today
p.setFechaRegistro(LocalDate.now());
}
FECHA_REGISTRO) are handled by the else branch — the registration date defaults to today. Unparseable date strings also fall back to today via DateTimeParseException catch.
| Parameter | — |
|---|
| Returns | List<persona> — all valid contacts in file order |
| Throws | IOException — if the file cannot be read |
public void actualizarContactos(List<persona> personas) throws IOException
PrintWriter (which truncates the file), writes the current header, then writes one line per persona using p.datosContacto().
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|
personas | List<persona> | Complete contact list to persist |
| Throws | IOException | If the file cannot be written |
This method performs a full rewrite on every save. For the expected contact list sizes of a desktop address book this is appropriate; there is no partial-update or append strategy for edits and deletes.
exportarCsv(File destino, List<persona> personas)
public void exportarCsv(File destino, List<persona> personas) throws IOException
nombre, telefono, email, categoria, favorito, fecha_registro) and raw field values, then delegates to the two-argument overload below.
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|
destino | File | Target file path chosen by the user |
personas | List<persona> | Contacts to export |
| Throws | IOException | If the file cannot be written |
exportarCsv(File destino, String[] cabeceras, List<String[]> filas)
public void exportarCsv(File destino, String[] cabeceras, List<String[]> filas) throws IOException
FileNotFoundException if destino is null. Writes cabeceras as the first row, then each String[] in filas as a subsequent row, with CSV escaping applied to every field.
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|
destino | File | Target file path |
cabeceras | String[] | Column header row |
filas | List<String[]> | Data rows, one array per contact |
| Throws | FileNotFoundException | If destino is null |
| Throws | IOException | If the file cannot be written |
cabeceras and filas arguments using the current i18n labels, so exported files are localised to the active language at time of export.
Category normalisation
normalizarCategoria(String valor) is called on every value read from column 3 to canonicalise multilingual or mixed-case category strings:
| Input strings (case-insensitive) | Canonical code |
|---|
FAMILY, Familia, Family | FAMILY |
FRIENDS, Amigos, Friends | FRIENDS |
WORK, Trabajo, Trabalho | WORK |
| Anything else | Returned as-is (trimmed) |
CSV escaping
escaparCsv(String valor) wraps a field in double-quotes and doubles any internal double-quotes when the value contains a semicolon, a double-quote, or a newline character:
src/modelo/personaDAO.java
private String escaparCsv(String valor) {
String limpio = valor == null ? "" : valor;
if (limpio.indexOf(SEPARADOR_EXPORTACION) >= 0
|| limpio.contains("\"")
|| limpio.contains("\n")) {
limpio = limpio.replace("\"", "\"\"");
return "\"" + limpio + "\"";
}
return limpio;
}
null values are treated as empty strings before escaping.