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Documentation Index

Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://mintlify.com/jcomte23/Python_vanilla/llms.txt

Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

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Introduction to Operators

Operators are special symbols in Python that perform operations on values and variables. Python supports various types of operators including arithmetic, comparison, and assignment operators.

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Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators perform mathematical calculations on numeric values.

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Basic Arithmetic Operations

numeroA = 4
numeroB = 2

# Addition (+)
print(numeroA + numeroB)  # 6

# Subtraction (-)
print(numeroA - numeroB)  # 2

# Multiplication (*)
print(numeroA * numeroB)  # 8

# Division (/)
print(numeroA / numeroB)  # 2.0
Division (/) always returns a float, even when dividing evenly. Use // for integer division.

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Advanced Arithmetic Operations

# Modulo - returns remainder of division (%)
print(13 % 5)  # 3

# Exponentiation - raises to power (**)
print(2 ** 8)  # 256

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Arithmetic Operators Summary

OperatorNameExampleResult
+Addition4 + 26
-Subtraction4 - 22
*Multiplication4 * 28
/Division4 / 22.0
%Modulo13 % 53
**Exponentiation2 ** 8256
//Floor Division7 // 23

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Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign and modify variable values.

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Increment Operations

# Increment by one
numeroTemp1 = 2
numeroTemp1 += 1
print(numeroTemp1)  # 3

# Increment by multiple units
numeroTemp3 = 3
numeroTemp3 += 5
print(numeroTemp3)  # 8

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Decrement Operations

# Decrement by one
numeroTemp2 = 5
numeroTemp2 -= 1
print(numeroTemp2)  # 4

# Decrement by multiple units
numeroTemp4 = 13
numeroTemp4 -= 4
print(numeroTemp4)  # 9
Python doesn’t have ++ or -- operators like other languages. Use += 1 and -= 1 instead.

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Assignment Operators Summary

OperatorExampleEquivalent To
=x = 5x = 5
+=x += 3x = x + 3
-=x -= 3x = x - 3
*=x *= 3x = x * 3
/=x /= 3x = x / 3
%=x %= 3x = x % 3
**=x **= 3x = x ** 3

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Comparison Operators

Comparison operators compare two values and return a boolean result (True or False).

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Equality Comparison

NUMERO1 = 20
NUMERO2 = "20"
NUMERO3 = 30

# Equal to (==)
print(10 == 10)  # True
print(10 == 14)  # False
print(2 == "2")   # False (different types)
print(2 == int("2"))  # True
print(NUMERO1 == int(NUMERO2))  # True
print(NUMERO1 == NUMERO3)  # False
The equality operator (==) checks both value and type. 2 == "2" is False because one is an integer and the other is a string.

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Inequality Comparison

# Not equal to (!=)
print(10 != 10)  # False
print(10 != 14)  # True
print(2 != "2")  # True
print(2 != int("2"))  # False

PASSWORD = "Abc123"
PASSWORD_CONFIRMATION = "ABC123"
print(PASSWORD != PASSWORD_CONFIRMATION)  # True

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Greater Than and Less Than

NUMERO1 = 20
NUMERO3 = 30

# Greater than (>)
print(f"¿{NUMERO1} es mayor que {NUMERO3}? => {NUMERO1 > NUMERO3}")  # False

# Less than (<)
print(f"¿{NUMERO1} es menor que {NUMERO3}? => {NUMERO1 < NUMERO3}")  # True

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Greater/Less Than or Equal To

# Greater than or equal to (>=)
print(f"¿{NUMERO1} es mayor o igual que {NUMERO2}? => {NUMERO1 >= int(NUMERO2)}")  # True

# Less than or equal to (<=)
print(f"¿{NUMERO1} es menor o igual que {NUMERO3}? => {NUMERO1 <= NUMERO3}")  # True

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Comparison Operators Summary

OperatorNameExampleResult
==Equal to10 == 10True
!=Not equal to10 != 14True
>Greater than20 > 30False
<Less than20 < 30True
>=Greater than or equal20 >= 20True
<=Less than or equal20 <= 30True

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Practical Examples

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Example 1: Calculator Operations

numeroA = 4
numeroB = 2

print(f"Suma: {numeroA + numeroB}")
print(f"Resta: {numeroA - numeroB}")
print(f"Multiplicación: {numeroA * numeroB}")
print(f"División: {numeroA / numeroB}")
print(f"Módulo: {numeroA % numeroB}")
print(f"Potencia: {numeroA ** numeroB}")

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Example 2: Password Validation

PASSWORD = "Abc123"
PASSWORD_CONFIRMATION = "ABC123"

if PASSWORD != PASSWORD_CONFIRMATION:
    print("Las contraseñas no coinciden")
else:
    print("Las contraseñas coinciden")

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Example 3: Counter Updates

# Initialize counter
counter = 0

# Increment counter
counter += 1
print(f"Counter after increment: {counter}")  # 1

# Add multiple units
counter += 5
print(f"Counter after adding 5: {counter}")  # 6

# Decrement counter
counter -= 2
print(f"Counter after decrement: {counter}")  # 4

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Type Checking with isinstance()

You can check variable types using comparison with isinstance(): 
estatura = 4.0

# Check if variable is float and meets condition
print(estatura >= 1.71 and type(estatura) == float)  # True
print(estatura >= 1.71 and isinstance(estatura, int))  # False
isinstance() is the preferred way to check types in Python. It’s more flexible than type() as it considers inheritance.

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Key Takeaways

  • Arithmetic operators perform mathematical calculations
  • Assignment operators modify variable values in place
  • Comparison operators return boolean values (True or False)
  • Python is type-sensitive in comparisons: 2 == "2" is False
  • Use += and -= for incrementing/decrementing (Python has no ++ or --)
  • Division (/) always returns a float, even for whole number results

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