Database Host Management

Documentation Index

Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://mintlify.com/xyrapanel/panel/llms.txt

Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

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What are Database Hosts?

• Store player data (Minecraft plugins, game stats)
• Persistent configuration (web-based admin panels)
• Cross-server data sharing
• Leaderboards and economies

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Prerequisites

1. MySQL/MariaDB Server
   • Running MySQL 5.7+ or MariaDB 10.3+
   • Accessible from the panel and Wings nodes
   • Configured for remote connections
2. Administrative User
   • User with CREATE, DROP, ALTER privileges
   • Ability to create new databases and users
   • Remote connection permissions

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Adding a Database Host

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Configuring MySQL Server

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Remote Access

-- Create admin user for panel
CREATE USER 'pterodactyl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'strong_password';

-- Grant privileges
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'pterodactyl'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

CREATE USER 'pterodactyl'@'192.0.2.0/24' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

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MySQL Configuration

[mysqld]
# Allow remote connections
bind-address = 0.0.0.0

# Performance tuning
max_connections = 500
max_allowed_packet = 64M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G

systemctl restart mysql

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Firewall Rules

# UFW
ufw allow 3306/tcp

# iptables
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

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Managing Database Hosts

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Viewing Databases

• Name: Host identifier
• Hostname:Port: Connection endpoint
• Username: MySQL user
• Databases: Current count / Maximum limit

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Testing Connection

• Connection refused: MySQL not running or firewall blocking
• Access denied: Incorrect credentials or missing privileges
• Unknown host: Hostname DNS resolution failed

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Editing Hosts

• Name (display only)
• Hostname/port (use caution, breaks existing databases)
• Credentials (if rotated)
• Max databases limit

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Deleting Hosts

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Database Creation

1. Panel selects a host
   • Chooses host with available capacity
   • Prefers hosts on the same node (if configured)
2. Creates database
   CREATE DATABASE s123_mydb;
   
3. Creates user
   CREATE USER 's123_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'generated_password';
   
4. Grants permissions
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON s123_mydb.* TO 's123_user'@'%';
   
5. Returns credentials
   • Database name: s123_mydb
   • Username: s123_user
   • Password: (auto-generated)
   • Host: mysql.example.com:3306

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Database Naming

s{SERVER_ID}_{DATABASE_NAME}

Example:
s123_playerdata
s123_economy
s456_website

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Node-Specific Hosts

{
  "name": "US-East MySQL",
  "hostname": "mysql-us-east.example.com",
  "nodeId": "uuid-of-node"
}

• Reduced latency (database close to server)
• Geographic data residency
• Load distribution

• Servers on that node use this host by default
• Falls back to general hosts if unavailable

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Monitoring

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Database Capacity

Main MySQL Server
  45 / 100 databases (45%)

EU Database 1
  23 / 50 databases (46%)

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Connection Pooling

• Panel connections (1-2 per request)
• Game server connections (varies by game)
• Admin tools (phpMyAdmin, etc.)

(Average concurrent servers × Connections per server) + 50

Example:
(100 servers × 3 connections) + 50 = 350 connections

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Backup and Maintenance

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Automated Backups

#!/bin/bash
# /usr/local/bin/backup-mysql.sh

BACKUP_DIR="/backup/mysql"
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)

mysqldump --all-databases --single-transaction \
  -u root -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD} \
  > ${BACKUP_DIR}/all-databases-${DATE}.sql

# Compress backup
gzip ${BACKUP_DIR}/all-databases-${DATE}.sql

# Retain last 7 days
find ${BACKUP_DIR} -name "all-databases-*.sql.gz" -mtime +7 -delete

0 2 * * * /usr/local/bin/backup-mysql.sh

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Database Maintenance

mysqlcheck -u root -p --auto-repair --optimize --all-databases

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Security Best Practices

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Network Security

• Use private network between panel/nodes and database
• Firewall rules limiting access to specific IPs
• Disable public internet access

• Exposing MySQL to the internet
• Using default passwords
• Running MySQL on the same server as game servers

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User Privileges

-- Panel user (can create databases and users)
GRANT CREATE, DROP, ALTER, GRANT OPTION ON *.* 
  TO 'pterodactyl'@'panel-ip';

-- Server database user (limited to their database)
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON s123_mydb.* TO 's123_user'@'%';

-- Don't grant SUPER or FILE privileges to panel user
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'pterodactyl'@'%'; -- TOO PERMISSIVE

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Password Management

• Panel-generated passwords are cryptographically random
• Store MySQL root password securely
• Rotate credentials periodically

• Don’t use simple passwords for admin user
• Don’t reuse passwords across environments

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Troubleshooting

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Cannot connect to database host

1. MySQL is running:
   systemctl status mysql
   
2. Port is listening:
   netstat -tlnp | grep 3306
   
3. Firewall allows connections:
   ufw status
   
4. Credentials are correct:
   mysql -h hostname -u username -p
   

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Database creation fails

• MySQL user lacks CREATE privilege
• Max databases limit reached
• Disk space full on MySQL server
• Invalid database name characters

SHOW GRANTS FOR 'pterodactyl'@'%';

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Game server can’t connect to database

1. Database exists:
   SHOW DATABASES LIKE 's%';
   
2. User can connect:
   mysql -h hostname -u s123_user -p s123_mydb
   
3. Server has network access:
   # From Wings node
   telnet mysql.example.com 3306
   

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Performance Tuning

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InnoDB Buffer Pool

[mysqld]
# For 8 GB RAM server
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 6G

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Query Cache (MySQL 5.7)

[mysqld]
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 2M

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Connection Limits

[mysqld]
max_connections = 500
wait_timeout = 600
interactive_timeout = 600

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Related Resources