Domain Models: Trip, Passenger, Driver, and Vehicle

The domain models are the objects stored in LYNX’s data structures. They are plain C++ classes with no external framework dependencies — each one provides getters, setters, and a handful of business-logic methods. Passenger and Driver both extend the shared User base class, while Vehicle is a value type embedded directly inside Driver.

Trip

Represents a single ride request. Carries origin, destination, price, status, and references to both the passenger and driver by DNI.

Passenger

Extends User. Tracks lifetime spending and trip count. Owns an internal Queue<Trip>* for personal trip history. Auto-ID: PAS-XXXX.

Driver

Extends User. Tracks total earnings, availability, and rating. Embeds a Vehicle value. Auto-ID: DRV-XXXX.

Vehicle

Value type describing a car by plate, brand, model, color, and year. Used as the key in BinarySearchTree, ordered by plate.

User (Base Class)

User provides the three shared fields inherited by both Passenger and Driver.

class User {
protected:
    string name;
    string dni;
    string password;
public:
    User(string name, string dni, string password);
    string getName() const;
    string getDni()  const;
    string getPassword() const;
    void setName(string _name);
    void setDni(string _dni);
    void setPassword(string _password);
    bool checkPassword(string intento);
    virtual string toString() const;
    virtual void mostrar(int x, int& y);
    string getCodigo();   // returns dni
};

Trip

Trip is the core data object that moves through Queue → DoublyLinkedList → Stack as it progresses through the ride lifecycle.

Fields

Field	Type	Notes
`tripId`	`string`	Format `TRP-XXXXX` — five zero-padded digits
`origin`	`string`	Display name of the origin city
`destination`	`string`	Display name of the destination city
`price`	`float`	Calculated fare in Peruvian soles (S/)
`status`	`string`	`"pendiente"` · `"en_curso"` · `"completado"` · `"cancelado"`
`date`	`string`	Trip date as provided at creation (e.g. `"2024-06-15"`)
`driverName`	`string`	Assigned driver’s name; `"Por asignar"` until assigned
`driverDni`	`string`	Assigned driver’s DNI; empty until assigned
`passengerDni`	`string`	DNI of the requesting passenger
`tipe`	`int`	Service tier: `1` = Economy, `2` = Comfort, `3` = Premium

Price Calculation

calcPrice applies a per-km rate determined by service tier plus a fixed S/ 3.00 base cost:

float calcPrice(int tipo, float km) {
    setTipe(tipo);
    float tarifa = 0.0f;
    if (tipo == 1) tarifa = 1.20f;   // Economy  — S/ 1.20 per km
    else if (tipo == 2) tarifa = 1.80f; // Comfort  — S/ 1.80 per km
    else                tarifa = 2.50f; // Premium  — S/ 2.50 per km
    price = tarifa * km + 3.0f;
    return price;
}

Examples at 100 km:

Economy: 1.20 × 100 + 3.00 = S/ 123.00
Comfort: 1.80 × 100 + 3.00 = S/ 183.00
Premium: 2.50 × 100 + 3.00 = S/ 253.00

Status Transitions

pendiente  ──assignDriver──▶  en_curso  ──finishTrip──▶  completado
    │                              │
    └──cancelTrip──▶           cancelado ◀──cancelActiveTrip

Getters and Setters

Getter	Setter	Type
`getTripId()`	`setTripId(string)`	`string`
`getOrigin()`	`setOrigin(string)`	`string`
`getDestination()`	`setDestination(string)`	`string`
`getPrice()`	`setPrice(float)`	`float`
`getStatus()`	`setStatus(string)`	`string`
`getDate()`	`setDate(string)`	`string`
`getDriverName()`	`setDriverName(string)`	`string`
`getDriverDni()`	`setDriverDni(string)`	`string`
`getPassengerDni()`	`setPassengerDni(string)`	`string`
`getTipe()`	`setTipe(int)`	`int`

Notable Methods

estaCompletado() — returns true if status == "completado". Used by TripManager’s recursive earnings calculator.
getStatusLabel() — returns a labelled status string ([OK], [XX], [>>], [--]).
sumarGastado(Trip[], int, int) — recursive helper that sums prices of completed trips in an array.
toString() — single-line summary used in all list views.

Passenger

Passenger extends User and adds ride-history tracking. Each instance owns a heap-allocated Queue<Trip>* for its own personal trip queue.

Fields

Field	Type	Default	Notes
`passengerId`	`string`	auto	Format `PAS-XXXX` — four zero-padded digits
`rating`	`float`	`5.0`	Updated on each driver rating via weighted average
`totalTrips`	`int`	`0`	Incremented by `addTrip()`
`totalSpent`	`float`	`0.0`	Cumulative fare of all completed trips
`trips`	`Queue<Trip>*`	empty queue	Personal FIFO trip queue; deep-copied in copy constructor

Auto-ID Generation

IDs are generated from a static int counter using a zero-padded formatter:

// Internal formatter
static string formatPassengerId(int numero) {
    ostringstream oss;
    oss << "PAS-" << setw(4) << setfill('0') << numero;
    return oss.str();
}

// Used in the main constructor
passengerId = formatPassengerId(nextPassengerNumber()++);

After loading from file, AuthManager calls Passenger::syncNextPassengerId(n) to align the static counter with the highest existing ID.

Getters and Setters

getDni() and getName() are inherited from the User base class.

Getter	Setter	Type
`getPassengerId()`	`setPassengerId(string)`	`string`
`getName()`	`setName(string)`	`string` (inherited from `User`)
`getDni()`	`setDni(string)`	`string` (inherited from `User`)
`getRating()`	`setRating(float)`	`float`
`getTotalTrips()`	`setTotalTrips(int)`	`int`
`getTotalSpent()`	`setTotalSpent(float)`	`float`

Key Methods

Method	Description
`addTrip(float precio)`	Increments `totalTrips` and adds `precio` to `totalSpent`
`updateRating(float nuevaCalif)`	Weighted average: `(rating × trips + nueva) / (trips + 1)`
`login(string dni, string pass)`	Compares against stored credentials
`rateDriver(int estrellas)`	Clamps `estrellas` to `[1, 5]` and returns as `float`
`getNivelCliente()`	Lambda: `< S/50` → “Cliente nuevo”, `< S/200` → “Cliente frecuente”, else → “Cliente premium”
`tieneCuenta()`	Returns `true` if `passengerId != ""`
`extractPassengerNumber(string id)`	Static — parses the numeric part of a `PAS-XXXX` ID
`generateNextPassengerId()`	Static — consumes the next counter value
`syncNextPassengerId(int nextId)`	Static — sets the counter (called after file load)

Driver

Driver extends User and adds availability state, earnings tracking, and an embedded Vehicle.

Fields

Field	Type	Default	Notes
`driverId`	`string`	auto	Format `DRV-XXXX` — four zero-padded digits
`rating`	`float`	`5.0`	Updated on each passenger rating
`isAvailable`	`bool`	`true`	`false` while a trip is in progress
`totalTrips`	`int`	`0`	Incremented on `acceptRide()`
`totalEarnings`	`float`	`0.0`	Gross earnings — platform takes 20%
`vehicle`	`Vehicle`	default	Embedded value — no pointer

Auto-ID Generation

Uses the same static counter pattern as Passenger, with a DRV- prefix:

static string formatDriverId(int numero) {
    ostringstream oss;
    oss << "DRV-" << setw(4) << setfill('0') << numero;
    return oss.str();
}

Key Methods

Method	Description
`acceptRide(float precio)`	Sets `isAvailable = false`, increments `totalTrips`, adds to `totalEarnings`
`finishRide()`	Sets `isAvailable = true`
`updateRating(float nuevaCalif)`	Weighted average: `(rating × (trips-1) + nueva) / trips`
`getNetEarnings()`	Lambda: returns `totalEarnings × 0.80` (after 20% platform cut)
`ratePassenger(int estrellas)`	Clamps to `[1, 5]`, returns as `float`
`login(string dni, string pass)`	Credential check
`extractDriverNumber(string id)`	Static — parses the numeric part of a `DRV-XXXX` ID
`generateNextDriverId()`	Static — consumes the next counter value
`syncNextDriverId(int nextId)`	Static — sets the counter (called after file load)

Getters and Setters

getDni() and getName() are inherited from the User base class.

Getter	Setter	Type
`getDriverId()`	`setDriverId(string)`	`string`
`getName()`	`setName(string)`	`string` (inherited from `User`)
`getDni()`	`setDni(string)`	`string` (inherited from `User`)
`getRating()`	`setRating(float)`	`float`
`getIsAvailable()`	`setAvailable(bool)`	`bool`
`getTotalTrips()`	`setTotalTrips(int)`	`int`
`getTotalEarnings()`	`setTotalEarnings(float)`	`float`
`getVehicle()`	`setVehicle(Vehicle)`	`Vehicle`

Vehicle

Vehicle is a plain value type with no heap allocations. It is embedded inside Driver by value and is also inserted into BinarySearchTree, ordered by plate string.

Fields and Methods

Field	Non-const Getter	Const Getter	Setter	Type
`plate`	`getPlate()`	`getPlates() const`	`setPlate(string)`	`string`
`brand`	`getBrand()`	—	`setBrand(string)`	`string`
`model`	`getModel()`	—	`setModel(string)`	`string`
`color`	`getColor()`	—	`setColor(string)`	`string`
`year`	`getYear()`	`getYears() const`	`setYear(int)`	`int`

getPlate() and getYear() are non-const member functions. getPlates() and getYears() are the const-qualified versions required when accessing a Vehicle through a const reference or const-qualified method (such as FileManager::guardarDriversTXT, which calls d.getVehicle().getPlate() and d.getVehicle().getYear() on a const Driver reference). toString() produces a compact pipe-delimited string used when persisting drivers:

string toString() const {
    return plate + "|" + brand + " " + model + "|" + color + "|" + to_string(year);
}
// e.g. "ABC-123|Toyota Corolla|Blanco|2021"

getCodigo() returns plate and is used by the BinarySearchTree as the sort key.

Model Creation Example

// Create a vehicle
Vehicle v("ABC-123", "Toyota", "Corolla", "Blanco", 2021);

// Create a driver with auto-generated ID
Driver d("María García", "87654321", "drv_pass", v);
cout << d.getDriverId();  // DRV-0001

// Create a passenger
Passenger p("Juan Pérez", "12345678", "pax_pass");
cout << p.getPassengerId(); // PAS-0001

// Create a trip
Trip t("TRP-00001", "Lima", "Cusco", 0.0f,
       d.getName(), d.getDni(), p.getDni(), "2024-06-15");
t.setTipe(2);  // comfort tier
t.setPrice(t.calcPrice(2, 1100.0f));
cout << t.getPrice();
// calcPrice(2, 1100.0f) = 1.80 * 1100 + 3.0 = S/ 1983.00

// Simulate a ride
d.acceptRide(t.getPrice());    // isAvailable → false
p.addTrip(t.getPrice());       // totalSpent += 1983.00
d.finishRide();                // isAvailable → true

// Net driver earnings (platform keeps 20%)
cout << d.getNetEarnings();    // 1983.00 * 0.80 = 1586.40

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Data Structures

Algorithms

System Modules

User Roles

Domain Models: Trip, Passenger, Driver, and Vehicle

Trip

Passenger

Driver

Vehicle

User (Base Class)

Trip

Fields

Price Calculation

Status Transitions

Getters and Setters

Notable Methods

Passenger

Fields

Auto-ID Generation

Getters and Setters

Key Methods

Driver

Fields

Auto-ID Generation

Key Methods

Getters and Setters

Vehicle

Fields and Methods

Model Creation Example

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Get Started

Data Structures

Algorithms

System Modules

User Roles

Documentation Index

Trip

Passenger

Driver

Vehicle

​User (Base Class)

​Trip

​Fields

​Price Calculation

​Status Transitions

​Getters and Setters

​Notable Methods

​Passenger

​Fields

​Auto-ID Generation

​Getters and Setters

​Key Methods

​Driver

​Fields

​Auto-ID Generation

​Key Methods

​Getters and Setters

​Vehicle

​Fields and Methods

​Model Creation Example

Build docs developers (and LLMs) love

User (Base Class)

Trip

Fields

Price Calculation

Status Transitions

Getters and Setters

Notable Methods

Passenger

Fields

Auto-ID Generation

Getters and Setters

Key Methods

Driver

Fields

Auto-ID Generation

Key Methods

Getters and Setters

Vehicle

Fields and Methods

Model Creation Example