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When you need assistance with Linux commands, there are several built-in help options that provide a quick reference or detailed information about command usage.

whatis

The whatis command provides a brief one-line description of a command. It’s useful for a quick reminder of what a command does.
karchunt@kcserver:~$ whatis ls
ls (1)               - list directory contents

man

The man command displays the full manual page for a command, including its usage, all available options, and examples.
karchunt@kcserver:~$ man ls
LS(1)                            User Commands                           LS(1)

NAME
       ls - list directory contents

SYNOPSIS
       ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION
       List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
       Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.

       -a, --all
              do not ignore entries starting with .
...
Press q to exit the man page viewer. Use / followed by a keyword to search within the manual.

--help

Most Linux commands support the --help (or -h) option, which prints a concise summary of usage and available flags directly in the terminal — without opening the full manual.
karchunt@kcserver:~$ ls --help
Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -a, --all                  do not ignore entries starting with .
  -A, --almost-all           do not list implied . and ..
      --author               with -l, print the author of each file
  -b, --escape               print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters
      --block-size=SIZE      with -l, scale sizes by SIZE when printing them;
                             e.g., '--block-size=M'; see SIZE format below
...

apropos

The apropos command searches manual page names and descriptions for a keyword. This is especially useful when you know what you want to do but don’t know the exact command name.
karchunt@kcserver:~$ apropos copy
cp (1)               - copy files and directories
cpgr (8)             - copy with locking the given file to the password or group file
cppw (8)             - copy with locking the given file to the password or group file
dd (1)               - convert and copy a file
debconf-copydb (1)   - copy a debconf database
git-checkout-index (1) - Copy files from the index to the working tree
install (1)          - copy files and set attributes
objcopy (1)          - copy and translate object files
rsync (1)            - a fast, versatile, remote (and local) file-copying tool
scp (1)              - OpenSSH secure file copy
ssh-copy-id (1)      - use locally available keys to authorise logins on a remote machine
string_copying (7)   - copying strings and character sequences

Quick Reference

whatis

One-line description of a command.
whatis ls

man

Full manual page with all options and examples.
man ls

--help

Inline summary of usage and flags.
ls --help

apropos

Search for commands by keyword.
apropos copy

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